Shipping Container Information
A shipping container is a container with strength suitable to withstand shipment, storage, and handling. Shipping containers range from large reusable steel boxes used for intermodal shipments to the ubiquitous corrugated boxes. In the context of international shipping trade, "container" or "shipping container" is virtually synonymous with "(standard) intermodal freight container" (a container designed to be moved from one mode of transport to another without unloading and reloading)[1][2].
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Types of shipping containers
Intermodal freight containers
A spine car with a 20 ft tanktainer and an open-top 20 ft container with canvas cover Main articles: Intermodal container, Twenty-foot equivalent unit, Intermodal freight transport, and ContainerizationFreight containers are a reusable transport and storage unit for moving products and raw materials between locations or countries. There are approximately seventeen million intermodal containers in the world; a large proportion of the world's long-distance freight generated by international trade is transported in shipping containers.
Corrugated box
Main article: corrugated fiberboardCorrugated boxes are commonly used as shipping containers. They are made of corrugated fiberboard which is light weight, recyclable, and strong enough to ship a variety of products.
Wooden box
Main article: Wooden boxWooden boxes are often used for shipping heavy and dense products. They are sometimes specified for shipments of government or military shipments.
Crate
Main article: crateA crate is a large container, often made of wood, used to transport large, heavy or awkward items. A crate has a self-supporting structure, with or without sheathing.
Intermediate bulk shipping container
A typical IBC Main article: Intermediate bulk containerAn Intermediate bulk container (IBC) is a container used for transport and storage of fluids and bulk materials. The construction may be plastic, composite, steel, stainless steel, etc. Some are foldable (collapsable).
- Flexible Intermediate Bulk Container
A Flexible Intermediate Bulk Container, FIBC , big bag, bulk bag, or super sack is a standardized container in large dimensions for storing and transporting and storing granular products. It is often made of a woven synthetic material.
Bulk box
Main article: Bulk boxA bulk box, bulk bin, skid box, or tote box is a pallet size box used for storage and shipping of bulk quantities.
Drum
Main article: Drum (container) Example of steel drumDrums are cylindrical shipping containers made of steel, plastic or fiber. They are often used for liquids and granular materials.
Insulated shipping containers
Main article: Insulated shipping containerInsulated shipping containers are a type of packaging used to ship temperature sensitive products such as foods, pharmaceuticals, and chemicals. They are used as part of a cold chain to help maintain product freshness and efficacy.
Unit load device
A "LD3-45" unit load device on a trailer.A Unit Load Device, or ULD, is a container used to cargo on commercial aircraft.
A ULD can be a pallet or container used to load luggage, freight, and mail on wide-body aircraft and specific narrow-body aircraft. It allows a large quantity of cargo to be bundled into a single unit. Since this leads to fewer units to load, it saves ground crews time and effort and helps prevent delayed flights. Each ULD has its own packing list, manifest, or tracking identification to improve control and tracking of contents.
Specialized shipping containers
A container for shipping weapons, with carrying handlesCustom containers are used for shipments of products such as weapons and aviation components. Customized cushioning, blocking and bracing, carrying handles, lift rings, locks, etc. are common to facilitate handling and to protect the contents. Often, these shipping containers are reusable.
- Transit and Flight Case
Flight cases and transit cases are usually custom designed for shipping and carrying fragile equipment: audio visual, camera, instruments, etc. Although generally light in construction, they tend to have reinforced edges and corners.
- Road Case
Road cases are often used for shipping musical instruments and theater props.
See also
References
- ^ Dictionary of International Trade: "Container: ... must be b) specially designed to facilitate the carriage of goods by one or more modes of transport without intermediate reloading. ... Ocean shipping containers are generally 10, 20, 30, or 40 feet long ... and conform to ISO standards"
- ^ Guide to Ocean Freight Container Specifications, courtesy of Hapag-Lloyd America Inc.
- Design Criteria for Specialized Shipping Containers, US DoD, Mil-Std 648C, 1999
- ASTM Shipping Container Standards and Related Technical Material, 5th edition, 2007, ASTM
- McKinlay, A. H., "Transport Packaging", Institute of Packaging Professionals, 2004
- Brody, A. L., and Marsh, K, S., "Encyclopedia of Packaging Technology", John Wiley & Sons, 1997, ISBN 0-471-06397-5
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Sat, 21 Aug 2010 07:51:12 GMT+00:00
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